Towards Brain Regeneration and Functional Recovery
Dan Lewis Foundation | Fall 2022

A major brain injury can result in the loss of brain tissue, the disruption of connections among regions of the nervous system, the destruction of specific brain regions that control various functions or sensations, and the creation of chaotic electrical activity that disrupts other brain signaling. 


To maximize healing in the damaged brain, minimizing the impact of the initial injury in the early hours and days after the trauma is essential. Bleeding and swelling must be controlled. Ongoing damage and scarring of the brain as a result of inflammation and disruption of blood vessels must be limited. Metabolic damage from uncontrolled seizures must be reduced.


Eventually, the storm of the acute events subsides. A person who survives the initial injury enters a future with residual damage and loss of function. Although other tissues and organs are capable of regeneration, human brain tissue does not regrow after damage. Some functional recovery can occur over time, mainly as the person retrains surviving brain regions to take over functions that were served by the injured or disrupted neural tissue. Persons who have survived a severe brain injury usually experience only modest further improvement in the years after their injury.


Recent research has demonstrated that it is plausible to develop medicines and treatments that stimulate the brain to regenerate itself and allow for functional recovery, even years after a devastating injury. The DLF is committed to focusing on developing therapies that will induce brain regeneration and function in persons living in the chronic phase of traumatic brain damage. 


Our scientific experts believe that a combination of strategies will be required to allow the brain to experience regrowth and recovery. First, it is necessary to unlock the ability of neurons to grow and replace lost brain tissue. Second, the power of the brain to form new synaptic connections must be enhanced, both in surviving brain regions and in regions repopulated with neurons. Third, the ability of neurons to reconnect to severed axons must be enhanced. Fourth, there must be highly targeted methods to train recovering and regenerating brain regions. Finally, novel devices that connect computers directly to neurons in the brain are being developed. These “brain-computer interfaces” are being designed to re-connect surviving brain regions to allow movement in paralyzed limbs and expression to people who can no longer speak. In each issue of the DLF newsletter, we will highlight one aspect of emerging research about stimulating brain regeneration (see Research Review Corner). We hope that growing awareness of dramatic scientific progress will motivate people to help support this work.


The DLF will focus resources and attention on those scientific projects and initiatives that are most likely to yield medicines that will stimulate brain regeneration and functional recovery. The DLF depends on charitable contributions and grants to fund the research, which will make these possibilities a reality. We hope you find these research updates to be informative and inspiring. 

By Dan Lewis Foundation | Spring 2024 11 Apr, 2024
Graham Dempsey, Ph.D., is a founder and Chief Scientific Officer (CSO) at Quiver Bioscience, a Cambridge, Massachusetts-based biotechnology company focused on the development of medicines for disorders of the nervous system. Dr. Dempsey and his team are working to develop treatments for some of the most challenging unsolved medical issues patients and their families face. Using advanced technologies in human stem cell biology, optogenetics, machine learning, and drug screening, progress is being made to develop medicines that will one-day treat conditions that have been largely untreatable. As the lead scientist for Quiver, formerly Q-State Biosciences, Dr. Dempsey enjoys working with world-class teams to invent, develop, and apply cutting-edge technologies to solve the most difficult challenges in biopharma for the betterment of patients. Dr. Dempsey’s inspiration to dedicate his professional life to science and medicine started at the early age of seven with the tragic loss of his father to an aggressive form of cancer, an experience that has deeply motivated him to this day. He completed his undergraduate studies at the University of Pennsylvania and his doctorate at Harvard University. As a graduate student in the biophysics program at Harvard Medical School, he co-developed ‘Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy’ or STORM , a light microscope with the ability to resolve nanometer (billionth of a meter, e.g. a hair is 100,000 nanometers thick) scale details of biological materials, an achievement that had been thought to be impossible for over a century. STORM has enabled what researchers call ‘super-resolution imaging’ for visualizing the intricate details of life’s most fundamental unit, the cell. Understanding the inner workings of a cell provides a path to a deeper understanding of the ways in which life is constructed and diseases can manifest. The technology was commercialized by Nikon Instruments for researchers worldwide. Dr. Dempsey left academic science to join Q-State Biosciences as the first hired employee with the goal of bringing advanced technologies developed at Harvard to the study of the brain. The brain, arguably the most complex structure in the known universe, works through electrical communication between brain cells or neurons. This communication is disrupted in all brain disorders but has been near impossible to study for the purposes of effectively developing medicines. Dr. Dempsey and his team over the course of ten years built a technology system that creates human brain models from patient stem cells (i.e. a ‘disease-in-a-dish’) and converts electrical activity of those brain cells into light signals that can be detected with ultra-sensitive microscopes. The resulting signals are analyzed using machine learning to find the patterns of how electrical activity is altered in disease, which can be used to find medicines that correct those changes. The team at Quiver is deploying this technology to take on previously untreatable brain conditions, including rare genetic diseases, such as certain seizure and neurodevelopmental disorders, to common conditions, such as chronic pain and Alzheimer’s disease. Dr. Dempsey’s passion outside of science starts with his family, his wife (and high school sweetheart) and three young daughters, be it traveling the globe to experience new cultures (or simply stare at the ocean), cooking elaborate meals on a Saturday evening, night-time reading of novels to his daughters, or attending live music around Boston. As a native of NJ, he celebrates his roots with visits to family near the Jersey Shore and, whenever possible, attendance at Springsteen concerts and Giants games. Dr. Dempsey is an avid student of history’s great entrepreneurs, spending the sparse remaining minutes of the day reading biographies and listening to podcasts, looking to extract every bit of learning towards taking on the challenges of building a great business while staying true to his family, his Quiver teammates, and his professional mission.
By Dan Lewis Foundation | Spring 2024 11 Apr, 2024
Sheryl Suzanne Nibbs, a legal secretary in a top law firm, started the process of becoming a paralegal as she approached her 40th birthday. She was fancy in her appearance, always making sure her hair, nails, and clothing were in order, a well-kept person, an avid traveler, and her mother’s best friend.
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